noun
A test designed to measure actual ability or skill level, often used in educational or professional contexts.
来月、日本語の実力試験を受ける予定です。
I plan to take a Japanese proficiency test next month.
能力試験 is a broader term for 'ability test', while 実力試験 emphasizes measuring one's actual practical skill or proficiency.
Compound of 実力 (actual ability) and 試験 (test).