range; effective range
Primarily used for the effective range of weapons like rifles, missiles, or artillery. Also extended metaphorically to the reach or scope of influence, plans, or abilities.
This missile has a range of 500 kilometers.
The reach of his influence extends across the entire political world.
The enemy base finally came within range.
That distance is beyond the missile's range.
The new missile has greatly extended its range.
The city is within range of enemy artillery.
The company is also factoring overseas expansion into its scope.
圏内 means simply “within a certain zone,” usable for signals, disaster areas, etc., whereas 射程 specifically refers to the reach of a weapon or influence and is often combined with 圏内 as 射程圏内.
距離 is the neutral word for the distance between two points, while 射程 specifically means how far a weapon can effectively fire or how far an influence extends.
Compound of 射 (shoot) and 程 (extent, distance). The meaning is transparent from its components.