noun
nerve cell; neuron
Anatomical term for the basic functional unit of the nervous system.
神経細胞は情報を伝達する役割を持つ。
Nerve cells have the role of transmitting information.
ニューロン is a direct loanword for 'neuron', often used in scientific contexts, while 神経細胞 is the native Japanese anatomical term.
Compound of 神経 (nerve) + 細胞 (cell).