noun
Refers to a philosophy or lifestyle that emphasizes self-discipline, restraint, and the rejection of physical pleasures, often for spiritual or ethical reasons.
彼は禁欲主義を実践し、質素な生活を送っている。
He practices asceticism and lives a simple life.
Compound of 禁欲 (abstinence, self-denial) and 主義 (principle, doctrine). The term is a calque from Western philosophical and religious concepts of asceticism.