しか
Meanings
1
only; nothing but; no more than
Used with a negative predicate to express limitation: 'nothing but X', 'only X'. The negative verb/adjective is required; しか cannot be used with affirmative forms.
I have only 100 yen in my wallet.
He eats nothing but vegetables.
Usage patterns
- 〈物〉しか〈動詞〉ないnothing but ~; only ~ (with negative verb)
I had only a thousand yen in my wallet.
- 〈人〉しか〈動詞〉ないno one but ~; only ~ (a person) can/does
Only she can solve this problem.
- 〈数〉しかないthere is/are only ~ (implying not enough)
There are only three days left.
- 〈動詞〉しかないthere's nothing to do but ~; have no choice but to ~
There's nothing left to do but give up.