には

expression, particle

in; at; to; for; on

A combination of に and は that marks a place, time, recipient, target, or similar に-marked phrase as a topic or point of contrast. Often translates simply as the normal English preposition plus a slight sense of emphasis, such as 'as for there' or 'at least to him.'

See also: に

• この町まちには大おおきな病びょう院いんがない。

  There is no large hospital in this town.

• 彼かれにはもう伝つたえてあります。

  I have already told him.

expression, particle

in order to; for

Used after a dictionary-form verb phrase to introduce what is necessary, suitable, or useful for achieving that action: Vには often means 'in order to V' or 'for V-ing.'

• 合ごう格かくするには、毎まい日にち勉べん強きょうする必ひつ要ようがある。

  In order to pass, you need to study every day.

• この問もん題だいを解とくには、少すこし工く夫ふうが必ひつ要ようだ。

  Solving this problem requires a bit of ingenuity.

expression, particle

as for; regarding

Formal and honorific use that makes a respected person or group the topic, often in set greetings, letters, and very polite speech. It is not just an ordinary topic marker; it helps show respect toward the person being mentioned.

See also: は

• 皆みな様さまにはお変かわりなくお過すごしでしょうか。

  I hope that you all have been well.

• 先せん生せいにはますますご健けん勝しょうのこととお喜よろこび申もうし上あげます。

  I am pleased to hear that you are enjoying ever better health, Professor.

expression, particle

indeed ... but; certainly ... but; while it is true that ...

Used in the pattern AにはAが or AにはAけれど, repeating the same word or phrase to concede that something is true before adding a contrast or limitation.

• 欲ほしいには欲ほしいが、今いまは買かえない。

  I do want it, but I can't buy it right now.

• 読よんだには読よんだが、内ない容ようはよく覚おぼえていない。

  I did read it, but I don't remember the contents very well.