separatism; secessionism
Political ideology advocating that a region or group should separate from a larger entity to form an independent state or gain autonomy.
The separatist movement is becoming more active in that region.
Separatism can threaten national unity.
独立 (independence) is the achieved state of self-governance, while 分離主義 is the ideology or movement advocating for separation.
自治 (autonomy) refers to self-governance within a larger state, often a goal of 分離主義 movements, but not necessarily full independence.
Compound of 分離 (separation) + 主義 (doctrine, -ism). A straightforward modern term for political separatism.