forward movement; advance movement
Refers to physical or metaphorical movement forward, often used in political, social, or mechanical contexts.
Policies that support the forward movement of society are necessary.
The forward motion of this machine is very smooth.
前進 is a more common and general term for 'advance' or 'progress', while 前進運動 specifically emphasizes the movement or motion aspect.
運動 alone means 'movement', 'exercise', or 'campaign'. 前進運動 narrows it to forward-directed movement.
Compound of 前進 (forward advance) and 運動 (movement). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the word is transparently formed from its components.