Refers specifically to the geographic South Pole, the southernmost point on Earth.
The South Pole is located inland on the Antarctic continent.
Antarctica; the Antarctic
Refers to the Antarctic region or continent as a whole. Often used in compounds like 南極圏 (Antarctic Circle) and 南極大陸 (Antarctic continent).
There are many penguins in Antarctica.
My father has been to Antarctica for research.
Scientists are observing the ozone layer in Antarctica.
The Antarctic ice is melting due to global warming.
Antarctic air mass
Antarctic observation; Antarctic exploration