固こ体たい

こ

た

い

Common wordJLPTN1Freq.FrequencyTop 50,000

Meanings

1

noun, noun which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

solid; solid body; solid-state

Refers to matter in a solid state, as opposed to liquid (液体) or gas (気体). Also used attributively with の for 'solid-state' (e.g., 固体物理学).

Usage patterns

〈物もの〉が固こ体たいになるfor a substance to become solid
水みずは零れい度ど以い下かになると固こ体たいになる。
Water becomes solid below zero degrees.
固こ体たいの状じょう態たいthe solid state (of matter)
この物ぶっ質しつは常じょう温おんでは固こ体たいの状じょう態たいを保たもつ。
This substance remains in a solid state at room temperature.

Kanji

固harden, set, clot
体body, substance, object

Related words

固こ形けいN1
固体 is the precise scientific term for the solid state of matter, while 固形 stresses that something has taken on a solid, tangible shape (as in 固形石鹸, solid soap).

Opposites

液えき体たいN2
固体 is matter in a solid state, while 液体 is the same matter in a liquid state.
気き体たいN2
固体 is matter in a solid state, while 気体 is the same matter in a gaseous state.
液えきN1
固体 means 'solid', the opposite physical state to the liquid substances denoted by 液.
流りゅう体たい
固体 (solid) keeps a fixed shape and does not flow, while 流体 refers to substances like liquids and gases that flow freely.

Don't confuse with

立りっ体たいN2
立体 means a three-dimensional shape or object, whereas 固体 means 'solid' as a state of matter (as opposed to liquid or gas), despite both sometimes being translated loosely as 'solid'.
個こ体たいN2
固体 (same reading こたい) means 'solid' as in a state of matter, completely unrelated to 個体's meaning of an individual organism.

Word family· 11

Etymology

Compound of 固 (こ, 'hard, firm') and 体 (たい, 'body, substance'). The reading is on'yomi. The term is a modern scientific coinage for 'solid' as a state of matter.

固こ体たい惑わく星せい

terrestrial planet; rocky planet

固こ体たい燃ねん料りょう

solid fuel

Show 5 more

全ぜん固こ体たい電でん池ち
solid-state battery
固こ体たいレーザ
solid-state laser
固こ体たい物ぶつ理り学がく
solid state physics
非ひ晶しょう質しつ固こ体たい
non-crystalline solid; amorphous solid
固こ体たいロケット
solid-fuel rocket

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