also: どさ
noun
earth and sand; sediment
Refers to soil, sand, gravel, and similar earthy materials, often in the context of natural disasters, construction, or geology.
大雨で土砂崩れが起きた。
A landslide occurred due to heavy rain.
川の底に土砂がたまっている。
Sediment has accumulated at the bottom of the river.
土石 refers more specifically to earth and stones, often in a geological or disaster context (e.g., 土石流 debris flow), while 土砂 is a broader term for earth and sand.
堆積物 is a technical term for sediment or deposits, used in geology; 土砂 is more common in everyday and news contexts for earth and sand.
Compound of 土 (do, 'earth') and 砂 (sha, 'sand'). The reading どしゃ is the standard on'yomi combination; どさ is a less common variant.