Conference of the Parties (COP) to the UNFCCC
Refers specifically to the Conference of the Parties under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Often used in environmental and policy contexts.
The Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC is held every year.
New emission reduction targets were discussed at the COP.
COP is the common abbreviation for Conference of the Parties, while 地球温暖化防止会議 is the full Japanese name.
気候変動枠組条約 is the UNFCCC itself, whereas 地球温暖化防止会議 is the conference held under that treaty.
Compound of 地球温暖化 (global warming) + 防止 (prevention) + 会議 (conference).