多た国こく間かん主しゅ義ぎ

• 二に国こく間かん主しゅ義ぎ

  Bilateralism; focuses on relations between two countries, whereas 多国間主義 involves multiple countries.

• 単たん独どく行こう動どう主しゅ義ぎ

  Unilateralism; acting alone without coordination, the opposite of multilateral cooperation.

Compound of 多国間 (multinational, among many countries) and 主義 (principle, doctrine). The term is a direct translation of the English 'multilateralism' and is used primarily in political and diplomatic contexts.