奉公
奉公する · noun or participle which takes 'suru'
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 奉公する | 奉公しない |
| Polite | 奉公します | 奉公しません |
| Past polite | 奉公しました | 奉公しませんでした |
| Past | 奉公した | 奉公しなかった |
| Te-form | 奉公して | 奉公しないで |
| Desire | 奉公したい | 奉公したくない |
| Potential | 奉公できる | 奉公できない |
| Passive | 奉公される | 奉公されない |
| Causative | 奉公させる | 奉公させない |
| Causative passive | 奉公させられる | 奉公させられない |
| Volitional | 奉公しよう | |
| Polite volitional | 奉公しましょう | |
| Imperative | 奉公しろ | 奉公するな |
| Conditional | 奉公すれば | 奉公しなければ |
| Tara conditional | 奉公したら | 奉公しなかったら |
Meanings
noun, noun or participle which takes 'suru', intransitive verb
live-in domestic service; live-in apprenticeship
Historical term for a system where a young person lived and worked in a master's household, often to learn a trade or serve. Now mainly used in historical or period contexts.
In the Edo period, many young people went into live-in service at merchant houses.
From a young age, he lived and worked at a carpenter's house and acquired the skills.
noun, noun or participle which takes 'suru', intransitive verb
public duty; public service
Refers to serving the public or the state, often with a sense of selfless dedication. Can be used in modern contexts for government or community service.
He devoted his life to public service in education.
As a public servant, it is important to have a spirit of public duty.
Usage patterns
- 〈人〉の家に奉公するto go into live-in service at someone's household
The boy went to live and work in the merchant's household.
- 奉公に出るto leave home to become a live-in apprentice/servant
At the age of ten, he left the village to go into service.
- 社会に奉公するto serve society through one's work or duty
He devoted his whole life to serving society.