Refers to a person's actual name, as opposed to a pseudonym, alias, or anonymous identity. Common in contexts such as online accounts, journalism, and legal documents.
ネットでは実名を使わないほうが安全だ。
It's safer not to use your real name online.
記者は実名で記事を書いた。
The journalist wrote the article under their real name.
The police revealed the real name of the arrested man.
This site requires you to register under your real name.
The victim's real name was withheld.
This case is being reported using the real names of those involved.