single-seat constituency system
An electoral system where each district elects one representative. Often contrasted with 大選挙区制度 (multi-seat constituency system).
In Japan's House of Representatives elections, the single-seat constituency system and the proportional representation system are used together.
大選挙区制度 is a multi-seat constituency system where each district elects multiple representatives, while 小選挙区制度 elects only one per district.
比例代表制度 allocates seats based on party vote share, often combined with 小選挙区制度 in a mixed electoral system.
Compound of 小 (small), 選挙区 (electoral district), and 制度 (system). The term directly describes a system of small electoral districts each electing a single representative.