noun
foreign settlement; concession
Historical term for designated areas in Japan and China where foreign nationals resided and conducted trade under extraterritoriality, especially in treaty ports from the late Edo to early Showa periods.
横浜にはかつて広大な外国人居留地があった。
Yokohama once had a large foreign settlement.
上海の旧フランス居留地は今も人気の観光地だ
noun
reservation (e.g. American Indian)
Rare extended use for Native American reservations; more commonly expressed as 保留地 or インディアン居留地.
アメリカ先住民の居留地は、歴史的に複雑な問題を抱えている。
Native American reservations have historically complex issues.
The former French concession in Shanghai is still a popular tourist spot today.
保留地 is the standard modern term for a reservation (land set aside for a specific group), while 居留地 in this sense is rarer and more historical.
Compound of 居 (reside) + 留 (stay) + 地 (land), coined in the late Edo period to describe areas where foreigners were permitted to live and trade.