Describes a condition, problem, or situation that persists over a long period or recurs frequently. Often used for medical conditions, but also for social or systemic issues.
彼は慢性的な肩こりに悩んでいる。
He suffers from chronic shoulder stiffness.
この地域は慢性的な水不足が問題だ。
This region has a chronic water shortage problem.
This company is plagued by a chronic labor shortage.
Water is chronically scarce in this region.
He is chronically sleep-deprived.