染せん色しょく体たい

せ

ん

しょ

く

た

い

Meanings

1

chromosome

Scientific term in genetics; used in both technical and educational contexts.

ヒトの染せん色しょく体たいは通つう常じょう46本ぽんある。
Humans normally have 46 chromosomes.
染せん色しょく体たい異い常じょうは遺い伝でん病びょうの原げん因いんになることがある。
Chromosomal abnormalities can cause genetic disorders.

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Usage patterns

〈数すう〉本ほんの染せん色しょく体たいを持もつto have (a certain number of) chromosomes
ヒトは46本ぽんの染せん色しょく体たいを持もつ。
Humans have 46 chromosomes.
染せん色しょく体たいが分ぶん裂れつするfor chromosomes to divide (during cell division)
細さい胞ぼう分ぶん裂れつの際さい、染せん色しょく体たいが分ぶん裂れつして娘むすめ細さい胞ぼうに分ぶん配ぱいされる。
During cell division, the chromosomes divide and are distributed to the daughter cells.
染せん色しょく体たいを観かん察さつするto observe chromosomes (e.g. under a microscope)
顕けん微び鏡きょうで細さい胞ぼうの染せん色しょく体たいを観かん察さつした。
We observed the cell's chromosomes under a microscope.

Kanji

染dye, color, paint
色color
体body, substance, object

Related words

遺い伝でん子しN2
遺伝子 (gene) is a segment of DNA that codes for a protein, while 染色体 (chromosome) is the larger structure that carries many genes.
ＤＮＡ
DNA is the molecule that makes up the structure, while 染色体 (chromosome) refers to the organized, condensed form of DNA and proteins.

Don't confuse with

遺い伝でん子しN2
染色体 is the larger structure that packages and organizes genetic material, whereas 遺伝子 is an individual gene contained within it.

Counted with

本ほんN5
book; volume; script · this; present; current; in question · main; head; principal · real; genuine; regular; proper · counter for long cylindrical objects; counter for films, TV shows, etc.; counter for goals, home runs, etc.; counter for telephone calls

Word family· 12

Ｗ染色体だぶりゅーせんしょくたい
W chromosome
Ｘ染色体えっくすせんしょくたい
X chromosome
Ｙ染色体わいせんしょくたい
Y chromosome
Ｚ染色体ぜっとせんしょくたい
Z chromosome
常じょう染せん色しょく体たい
autosome; non-sex chromosome

Show 5 more

性せい染せん色しょく体たい
sex chromosome
唾だ腺せん染せん色しょく体たい
salivary-gland chromosome
染せん色しょく体たい地ち図ず
chromosome map
染せん色しょく体たい異い常じょう
chromosomal abnormality; chromosomal disorder
相そう同どう染せん色しょく体たい
homologous chromosome

See all 12 in Explore →

Built from

染せん色しょく+体たい

Etymology

Coined in Japanese from 染色 (staining) + 体 (body), referring to the way chromosomes are visible under a microscope after staining. The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the term is a calque of the German 'Chromosom'.