犯はん人にん

は

ん

に

ん

Common wordJLPTN3Freq.FrequencyTop 5,000

Meanings

noun

offender; criminal; culprit

Refers to a person who has committed a crime or wrongdoing; used in legal, news, and everyday contexts.

警けい察さつはまだ犯はん人にんを捕つかまえていない。
The police haven't caught the culprit yet.
犯はん人にんは現げん場ばに指し紋もんを残のこしていた。
The offender left fingerprints at the scene.

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Usage patterns

犯はん人にんを追おうto pursue/chase the culprit
警けい察さつは犯はん人にんを追おって山やまに入はいった。
The police went into the mountains chasing the culprit.
犯はん人にんが逃にげるthe culprit flees/escapes
犯はん人にんは現げん場ばから車くるまで逃にげた。
The culprit fled the scene by car.
犯はん人にんが捕つかまるthe culprit gets caught
一いっ週しゅう間かん後ご、犯はん人にんがついに捕つかまった。
A week later, the culprit was finally caught.
犯はん人にんは〈人ひと〉だと判はん明めいするit turns out that ... is the culprit
調ちょう査さの結けっ果か、犯はん人にんは彼かの女じょだと判はん明めいした。
The investigation revealed that she was the culprit.

Expressions

犯はん人にんを匿かくまうshelter a criminal; harbor a fugitive
犯はん人にんを捕つかまえるarrest the culprit; catch the criminal

Kanji

犯crime, sin, offense
人person

Related words· 7

容よう疑ぎ者しゃN1
容疑者 refers to someone suspected of a crime but not yet proven guilty, while 犯人 refers to the actual perpetrator.
犯はん罪ざい者しゃ
犯罪者 is a general term for a person who commits crimes, while 犯人 specifically means the perpetrator of a particular incident.
加か害がい者しゃN3
加害者 focuses on the person who caused harm to a victim (often in civil or accident contexts), whereas 犯人 specifically denotes the perpetrator of a crime.
主しゅ犯はん
犯人 is the general word for a criminal or culprit, while 主犯 specifically singles out the principal offender when a crime involves multiple people.

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犯はん
犯人 is a full noun meaning 'the criminal/culprit', while 犯 is a bound suffix attached to a crime type to name its perpetrator (e.g. 殺人犯).
罪ざい人にん
犯人 refers specifically to the perpetrator of one particular crime, whereas 罪人 is a broader term for anyone guilty of wrongdoing.
張ちょう本ほん人にんN1
犯人 specifically means the perpetrator of a crime, while 張本人 is broader and can describe the instigator of any event, not necessarily illegal.

Opposites

被ひ害がい者しゃN3
被害者 is the victim who suffers harm, the direct opposite of 犯人, the person who commits the crime.

Don't confuse with

犯はん行こうN1
犯行 refers to the criminal act itself, while 犯人 refers to the person who committed it.
被ひ疑ぎ者しゃ
被疑者 refers to someone merely suspected of a crime and not yet proven guilty, whereas 犯人 means the actual perpetrator who committed the crime.
被ひ告こく人にん
犯人 means the actual perpetrator of a crime, while 被告人 is only the person formally accused and on trial, who is presumed innocent until convicted.
犯はん罪ざいN3
犯人 means 'the criminal' (the person), while 犯罪 means 'the crime' (the act), and learners often mix up the two due to the shared kanji 犯.

Counted with

人にん
counter for people

Word family· 13

真しん犯はん人にん
real criminal; true culprit
犯はん人にん像ぞう
criminal profile; offender profile
犯はん人にん視し
regarding as the culprit; treating as a perpetrator
凶きょう悪あく犯はん人にん
heinous criminal; vicious criminal
放ほう火か犯はん人にん
arsonist

Show 6 more

犯はん人にん探さがし
searching for the culprit; trying to find out who did something
犯はん人にん隠いん避ぴ
aiding a criminal to avoid capture
現げん行こう犯はん人にん
flagrant offender; person caught in the act
誘ゆう拐かい犯はん人にん
kidnapper; abductor
事じ前ぜん従じゅう犯はん人にん
accessory before the fact
事じ後ご従じゅう犯はん人にん
accessory after the fact

See all 13 in Explore →

Etymology

Compound of 犯 (offense, crime) and 人 (person). The reading is on'yomi. The exact historical derivation is straightforward; the word has been used in legal and common contexts for centuries.