Refers to one's standing or rank in society, often used in sociological or everyday contexts. Similar to 社会的地位, but ステータス carries a slightly more modern or Western nuance.
See also: 社会的地位
He cares too much about his social status.
Educational background is one aspect of social status.
Compound of 社会的 (social) and ステータス (status), a loanword from English.