migrant worker; expatriate worker
Refers to a person who moves to another country or region for work. Often used in contexts of labor migration, foreign workers, and expatriate employment.
In Japan, many migrant workers work in agriculture and construction.
Laws are needed to protect the rights of migrant workers.
外国人労働者 specifically means 'foreign worker', while 移住労働者 emphasizes the aspect of migration and may include workers who have moved within a country.
出稼ぎ労働者 refers to a worker who temporarily leaves home to work elsewhere, often seasonally, whereas 移住労働者 implies a more permanent relocation.
Compound of 移住 (いじゅう, 'migration') and 労働者 (ろうどうしゃ, 'worker').