self-government; autonomous government; devolved government
Refers to a political entity that governs itself with a degree of autonomy, such as a regional or devolved administration. The gloss 'devolved government' is specific to UK contexts.
The region established a self-governing body.
Scotland has a devolved government.
自治 is the broader concept of self-governance or autonomy, while 自治政府 specifically refers to the governing body or administration.
地方政府 is a general term for local government, which may or may not have autonomous powers, whereas 自治政府 implies a degree of self-rule.
Compound of 自治 (self-government) + 政府 (government).