自じ発はつ的てき

じ

は

つ

て

き

Common wordJLPTN1

Meanings

na-adjective

spontaneous; voluntary

Describes an action or attitude that arises from one's own will, without external compulsion. Often used for proactive participation, confessions, or offers.

彼かれは自じ発はつ的てきに掃そう除じを始はじめた。
He spontaneously started cleaning.
自じ発はつ的てきな参さん加かが求もとめられている。
Voluntary participation is requested.

See all 25 example sentences ›

Usage patterns

〈人ひと〉が自じ発はつ的てきに〈動どう詞し〉for someone to do something voluntarily/of their own accord
彼かれは自じ発はつ的てきに手伝てつだいを申もうし出でた。
He voluntarily offered to help.
自じ発はつ的てきな〈事こと〉a voluntary/spontaneous act, participation, etc.
自じ発はつ的てきな参さん加かを歓かん迎げいします。
We welcome voluntary participation.

Kanji

自oneself
発departure, discharge, publish
的bull's eye, mark, target

Related words

自じ主しゅ的てきN1
自発的 stresses that an action springs from one's own inner will with no prompting, while 自主的 stresses acting independently and taking initiative, often in group or organizational settings.

Opposites

強きょう制せい的てき
自発的 describes doing something of one's own free will, whereas 強制的 describes being forced or compelled to do it.
受じゅ動どう的てきN1
自発的 describes a proactive, self-initiated attitude, while 受動的 describes a passive attitude of simply reacting to others.

Word family

自じ発はつ的てき失しつ業ぎょう
voluntary unemployment

Built from

自じ発はつ+的てき

Etymology

Compound of 自発 (self-starting, spontaneous) + 的 (-like, -ive). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the word follows a common pattern for forming adjectival nouns from Sino-Japanese compounds.