Describes a close, familiar relationship or manner of interaction. Often used with verbs like 付き合う, 話す, or 知る.
See also: 親しい (したしい)
Used when referring to someone of higher status, emphasizing direct personal contact rather than through intermediaries. Often appears in formal or respectful contexts.
directly; first-hand
Emphasizes direct experience or knowledge, not through reports or hearsay. Common with verbs like 知る, 見る, or 経験する.
I have a close relationship with him.
I didn't have a chance to talk intimately.
I had the opportunity to meet the company president in person.
I heard the story from someone who experienced the problem first-hand.