noun
background check; identity investigation
Colloquial term for a background check, often with the specific implication of investigating someone's family origin or social status, especially in contexts like marriage or employment. Historically associated with discrimination against burakumin.
結婚前に相手の身元調査をする親もいる。
Some parents conduct a background check on their child's partner before marriage.
身元調査で差別的な慣行が問題になった。
Discriminatory practices through background checks became an issue.
Compound of 身元 (identity, background) and 調査 (investigation).