smokestack industry; heavy and large-scale industry
Refers to traditional heavy industries such as steel, shipbuilding, and petrochemicals, often contrasted with light or high-tech industries.
Smokestack industries once supported Japan's economic growth.
The government is promoting a shift from heavy industries to high-tech industries.
Antonym referring to light, thin, short, and small industries, such as electronics and precision machinery.
Compound of 重厚 (heavy and profound), 長大 (long and large), and 産業 (industry). The term was coined to describe traditional capital-intensive heavy industries.