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Kotomora
JLPT N1Written, formalCritical

極きわまる・極きわまりないutterly; in the extreme

A stern verdict: something is rude, dangerous or unpleasant in the extreme. 極きわまる and 極きわまりない mean the same; the ない denies nothing.

How to form it

な-adjective stem + 極きわまる/極きわまりない

Straight onto the word, with no な: 失しつ礼れい極きわまりない. The same before a noun: 危き険けん極きわまる作さ業ぎょう.

Goes with
A な-adjective that passes judgment, nearly always a harsh one: 失しつ礼れい, 無む責せき任にん, 非ひ常じょう識しき, 危き険けん, 迷めい惑わく, 不ふ愉ゆ快かい, 残ざん念ねん.
Where you'll meet it
Editorials, reviews, letters of complaint. Out loud it is stiff and furious.
People say
本ほん当とうに失しつ礼れいだ, 危あぶなすぎる.

極きわまる and 極きわまりない are the same

Keeping someone waiting a whole hour without a word of apology is rude in the extreme.

極きわまる: it has reached the limit.

Keeping someone waiting a whole hour without a word of apology is rude in the extreme.

極きわまりない: it has no limit. The same verdict, and the one you'll meet more often.

In use

極きわまりない or の極きわみ?

無ぶ礼れい is a な-adjective as well as a noun, so it takes either: 無ぶ礼れい極きわまりない, 無ぶ礼れいの極きわみだ. 疲ひ労ろう is only a noun, so it takes の極きわみ.

感かん極きわまる is a phrase of its own

To be overcome with emotion, usually as 感かん極きわまって.

Other forms for a feeling or quality at its extreme

の極みN1

A noun for a state, good or bad: 贅ぜい沢たくの極きわみ, 疲ひ労ろうの極きわみ.

の至りN1

A handful of nouns in ceremonial thanks and apology: 光こう栄えいの至いたり, 恐きょう縮しゅくの至いたり.

を禁じ得ないN1

A noun for a feeling that wells up: 同どう情じょう, 怒いかり, 涙なみだ. Written.

てやまないN1

A verb for a lasting wish or regard: 願ねがってやまない, 尊そん敬けいしてやまない. Speeches and letters.

ても~きれないN1

The same verb of feeling, twice: 悔くやんでも悔くやみきれない, 感かん謝しゃしてもしきれない. Everyday too.

Close neighbours

にもほどがあるN1

What people say out loud when someone has gone too far: a scolding.

Check yourself

1What does this say?

連れん絡らくもなく三さん時じ間かんも遅おくれるとは、非ひ常じょう識しき極きわまりない。

Choose an answer to see why.

2Which one fits?

深しん夜やに大だい音おん量りょうで音おん楽がくをかけるとは、(  )極きわまりない。

Choose an answer to see why.

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