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Kotomora
JLPT N1Contracts, rulesCareful speech

ものとする・ものとしてshall; taking it that

Two jobs. In a contract or a set of rules, after what a party is to do, ものとする is "shall". As ものとして, or ending a line in a calculation, it is "take it that": an assumption to work from.

Shall

Verb (dictionary or ない-form) + ものとする

It comes at the very end. Terms of use are polite: ものとします.

Take it that

Plain form + ものとして/ものとする

Any tense. A noun takes である: 同おなじ重おもさであるものとして, taking them to be the same weight.

In contracts and rules: shall

This is how contracts, regulations and terms of use lay down a duty. しないものとする is "shall not", and できるものとする is "may". It is written, not said: being able to read it is enough.

ものとして: take it that

You fix on one answer and act as if it were so, often because you can't be sure. This one people say: at work, in notices, in careful everyday speech.

Ending a sentence in a problem, an estimate or a model, ものとする states the assumption: "assume that…".

In terms of use, a た-form + ものとします writes that assumption into a rule: "you are taken to have".

If you use this service, you are taken to have agreed to these terms.

Also 同どう意いしたものとみなします, which says the same.

Close neighbours

ことにする・ことになっているN4

What people say. ことにする is your own decision; ことになっている tells someone a rule that exists. ものとする is the rule itself, on paper.

を~とするN2

After a noun, a rule ends in plain とする: A is to be B.

ものと思おもう・ものと思おもっていたN1

A belief, not a working assumption: "I trust that", "I had assumed"; in the news, ものと思おもわれる, "it is believed that".

を前ぜん提ていにN1

You take something as given, an assumption or an agreed condition, and build on it.

Check yourself

1A club's rules say this. What does it mean?

会かい員いんは、会かい員いん証しょうを他た人にんに貸かさないものとする。

Choose an answer to see why.

2What do they know about the rain?

雨あめは降ふらないものとして、予よ定ていを立たてた。

Choose an answer to see why.

More detail

Straight after a noun there is no もの: 欠けっ席せきとして扱あつかう, to treat it as an absence. もの is what lets として follow a whole clause.

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