Kotomora
JLPT N1ConstructionFormal
Furigana

なくされるBe forced to; have no choice but to

A formal expression saying that external circumstances leave a person or organization no choice but to take an unwanted, difficult, or costly action.

How the event is framed

なくされる presents the event from the affected party’s viewpoint. The subject does not freely choose the action: a disaster, shortage, policy change, breakdown, or similar outside pressure makes the action unavoidable. The cause may be stated explicitly or already clear from context.

Typical formal contexts

The construction often appears with formal nouns meaning change, suspension, cancellation, withdrawal, reduction, or reassessment.

かんせんかくだいけ、おおくのぎょうしゃえいぎょうかんたんしゅくなくされた

In response to the spread of infections, many businesses were forced to shorten their operating hours.

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ほんじつは、せつあいにより、うんこうけいかくなおしをなくされました

Today, due to an equipment malfunction, we have been forced to revise the operating schedule.

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This is natural in a careful public announcement. The speaker’s organization is understood as the affected party.

Affected party or external cause?

With なくされる, the affected party is the subject. The causative なくさせる reverses the viewpoint: the external cause becomes the subject, and the affected party is marked with .

びょういんだいしんすいにより、いちへいなくされた

The hospital was forced to close part of its facilities because of severe flooding.

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The hospital is the affected subject.

だいしんすいびょういんいちへいなくさせた

Severe flooding forced the hospital to close part of its facilities.

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Here the flooding is the subject and the hospital is the affected party.

More examples

じゅようきゅうげんにより、かいしゃせいさんけいかくしゅくしょうなくされた

A sharp fall in demand forced the company to scale back its production plan.

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げんざいりょうそくで、メーカーかくしゃかくせっていさいけんとうなくされている

A shortage of raw materials is forcing manufacturers to reconsider their pricing.

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こうしょうけつれつけ、だいひょうだんほうしんてんかんなくされた

Following the breakdown of negotiations, the delegation was forced to change course.

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たいふうせっきんともない、しゅさいしゃたいかいえんなくされました

With the typhoon approaching, the organizers have been forced to postpone the tournament.

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さんさくげんのため、けんきゅうチームは調ちょうしゅくしょうなくされた

Budget cuts forced the research team to reduce the scale of the study.

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しょうちょうによって、そうほうせんりゃくなおしをなくされるのうせいがある。

A prolonged lawsuit may force both sides to reassess their strategies.

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を余儀なくされる – Be forced to; have no choice but to