に応じて・
What is done, paid or given is matched to an amount, a level or a case: tax to income, a dose to the symptoms.
Insurance premiums are set according to income.
before a noun
Please choose a course that suits your level of fitness.
How to form it
Noun + に応じて／に応じ
に応じ belongs to formal writing.
Before a noun
Noun + に応じた + noun
年齢に応じた運動, exercise that suits your age.
- Before it
- Something that comes in amounts, levels or kinds: 収入 (income), 年齢 (age), 能力 (ability), 人数 (how many people), 症状 (symptoms). Or what someone asks for, where it is plain "on request": 希望 (wishes), 要望 (requests).
- After it
- What is set or done to fit: 決める, 変える, 選ぶ, 払う, 対応する.
- Where you'll meet it
- Rules, price lists, manuals, the news. Out loud it is a little formal: mostly at work and from staff.
In use
The doctor adjusts the dose according to the symptoms.
The size of the scholarship varies with your grades.
The schedule may be changed at participants' request.
Three you'll meet everywhere
必要に応じてas needed
We will add materials as needed.
状況に応じてas the situation calls for
We will respond flexibly, as the situation calls for.
ご要望に応じ（て）on request
We will prepare an individual quotation on request.
Close neighbours
によってN3
Things simply differ from case to case. Where nobody sets or adjusts anything, に応じて can't take its place.
Opinions differ from person to person.
に合わせてN3
Everyday and hands-on: you shape what you do to fit one thing, like the music or a date. A level or someone's wishes can come before either form.
The children clapped in time with the music.
に応えてN2
The same kanji, read こたえて: someone asked or hoped for something, and they get it. After 要望 or 希望, に応じて is the plain "on request"; に応えて says the wish was met.
Living up to local expectations, the team advanced to the final.
によるとN3
English "according to" for where you heard something: the forecast, the news, your doctor. に応じて can't name a source.
According to the weather forecast, it will snow from tomorrow afternoon.
につれてN3
"As": two things change together over time. に応じて is about fitting one thing to another, not about changing together.
As I've gotten older, staying up all night has become harder.
Check yourself
1Which one fits?
国
Choose an answer to see why.
2Which one fits?
この
Choose an answer to see why.
More detail
応じる is also a plain verb, "respond to":
The company president took questions from reporters.
More sentences
The training is divided into three levels according to ability.
Output needs to be adjusted in line with demand.
We offer exercise programs to suit each age group.
We take on more workers according to the number of orders.
We provide support suited to the circumstances.