をはじめ(として)including; … and others
You name the best-known member of a group, then say something about the whole group: "Kyoto and other cities", "the president and all the staff".
Exhibitions of traditional crafts will be held in Kyoto and elsewhere across Kansai.
How to form it
Noun + をはじめ(として)
The として is optional and changes nothing. Also written を始め.
Before a noun
Noun + をはじめとする + noun for the group
- Before it
- The one anyone would name first: the head of the organization (社長, 校長先生), the biggest city, the most famous example.
- After it
- The rest of the group, spelled out, often with 多くの, 各地, 全員 or など. The sentence is about all of them.
- Where you'll meet it
- News, guidebooks, notices from companies and schools, and speeches of thanks. It is too stiff for a chat, where people say とか or や.
In use
The university president and many other faculty and staff members attended the ceremony.
Sales of this product have begun in Japan and other Asian countries.
Before a noun.
I am very grateful to the principal and all the teachers.
From a graduation speech.
Not an order in time
It is often translated "starting with", but it says nothing about what comes first. Kyoto is the best-known place on the list, not the first stop.
Close neighbours
を中心にN2
Most of it is in or around the one you name. With をはじめ that one is just the best-known of the group.
Exhibitions of traditional crafts will be held around Kansai, mostly in Kyoto.
といったN2
Two or three examples of equal weight, right before the noun that names their kind.
I am interested in fields of art such as painting and sculpture.
からしてN2
One small part is enough to judge the whole by: "even the entrance".
This inn has charm, right from the entrance.
Check yourself
1What does this say?
東京を
Choose an answer to see why.
2Which one fits?
私の
Choose an answer to see why.
More sentences
Everyone, from the coach to the players and staff, took part in the neighborhood clean-up.
Redevelopment is moving fast in Tokyo and other major cities.
People exchanged views on a wide range of social issues, education among them.
This museum displays valuable specimens, including dinosaur fossils.