Kotomora
JLPT N3ConstructionWritten
Furigana

ことにTo my delight, surprise, regret, etc.

ことに introduces a fact together with the speaker’s emotional or evaluative reaction to it, such as delight, surprise, regret, or relief.

How the sentence is organized

The opening phrase gives the speaker’s reaction, and the rest of the sentence states the fact being evaluated. A comma often makes this two-part structure clear in writing. The reaction normally applies to the whole following statement, not merely to one noun.

Three common formations

These examples use an i-adjective, a na-adjective, and a past feeling verb.

うれしいことにわたしりゅうがくちゅうにできたゆうじんたちといまれんらくっている。

To my delight, I am still in touch with the friends I made while studying abroad.

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ざんねんなことにこんかい調ちょうではげんいんとくていできなかった。

Unfortunately, the cause could not be identified in this investigation.

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おどろいたことにしゅうふくされた時計とけいひゃくねんまえおなじようにうごはじめた。

Surprisingly, the restored clock began running just as it had a hundred years earlier.

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Choose a genuine evaluation

The expression before ことに should naturally express a reaction to the following fact. Common choices include うれしい, ざんねん, , さいわいな, おどろいた, and こまった. An arbitrary description is usually a poor fit unless the context clearly turns it into an evaluation.

The foregrounded variant

なことにはふるろくにもおなめいのこっている。

Strangely enough, the same place name also appears in old records.

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Here the added topic marker makes the speaker’s sense of strangeness more prominent.

Related emotional constructions

ことに comes before a fact and comments on it. By contrast, ことか closes an exclamation about degree, ことといったら launches a more dramatic account of an extreme quality, and かぎりだ directly states that an emotion has reached an extreme.

More examples

さいわいなことにじょうきゃくにけがはなかった。

Fortunately, none of the passengers were injured.

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ありがたいことにいきかたがたぎょう手伝てつだってくださった。

Thankfully, local residents helped with the work.

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こまったことに、このそうふるすぎてこうかんひんがもうない。

The trouble is that this device is so old that replacement parts are no longer available.

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しんじられないことにかれずにさんちょうまでたどりいた。

Incredibly, he reached the summit without looking at a map.

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うれしいことにおうしたさんさくひんすべてがさいしゅうせんこうのこった。

To my delight, all three submitted works made it to the final selection.

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がいなことにもっとたんじゅんほうほういちばんこうてきだった。

Surprisingly, the simplest method was the most effective.

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ことに (kotoni) – To my delight, surprise, regret, etc.