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JLPT N3Written, formalNews, speeches

に代かわってin place of; on behalf of

Someone or something takes over a role: a deputy speaks for the boss, a new system replaces the old one. It is the formal relative of かわりに.

How to form it

Noun + に代かわって

Only a noun comes before it. に代かわり is the same in stiffer writing, and speeches use に代かわりまして.

Before a noun

Noun + に代かわる + noun

石せき油ゆに代かわるエネルギー, energy to replace oil.

Before it
The one whose role is taken over. A person: 社しゃ長ちょう, 父ちち, 本ほん人にん. Or a thing, a system, a method: 現げん金きん, 紙かみ, 旧きゅう制せい度ど.
After it
Who or what takes over, and what they do in that role.
Where you'll meet it
News, announcements, speeches, business email.

In use

At home it's のかわりに

When one person stands in for another, both words work. のかわりに is what you say to a friend, and に代かわって is for a report or a speech.

For an everyday swap of one thing for another, に代かわって sounds like an announcement.

Sounds odd: 今日きょうは牛ぎゅう乳にゅうに代かわって豆とう乳にゅうを使つかった。

Today I used soy milk in place of milk.

In your own kitchen: 牛ぎゅう乳にゅうのかわりに.

Close neighbours

かわりにN3

The everyday word. It also follows a verb, "instead of doing", and marks a trade-off, "in return for". に代かわって does neither.

Check yourself

1Which one fits?

出でかける(  )、家いえで映えい画がを見みた。

Choose an answer to see why.

2You are telling a friend what you cooked. Which sounds natural?

Choose an answer to see why.

More detail

It is the verb 代かわる, to take someone's place. You hear the verb when a phone call is passed to someone else.

Hello, Tanaka speaking.

Said by the person who has just taken over the call.

More sentences