Translation guide
The English word "court" has several distinct meanings. This guide covers the most common ones for learners: a place for legal proceedings, a playing area for sports, and the royal/imperial residence. It also touches on the verb meaning (to woo) and the idea of a courtyard.
The place where legal trials and hearings take place.
The standard, neutral word for a court of law. Used for all levels of courts.
He testified in court.
The court is hearing the case.
Refers specifically to the courtroom itself, the physical space where proceedings occur.
The courtroom was quiet.
Means 'trial' or 'judgment'. Often used in phrases like 'take to court' or 'court case'.
He was taken to court.
The court proceedings began.
The marked area where games like tennis, basketball, or volleyball are played.
The most common word for a sports court. Used for tennis, basketball, volleyball, etc.
I reserved a tennis court.
Practice on the basketball court.
A more general term for a sports ground or arena. Not specifically a 'court', but can be used in some contexts.
The residence and entourage of a monarch or sovereign.
An open area surrounded by buildings or walls.
To try to gain someone's love or favor, often with the intention of marriage.
The most direct translation for 'to court' in a romantic sense. Can sound formal or literary.
He courted her.
To make romantic advances, to woo. More colloquial than 求愛する.
In modern Japanese, the concept of 'courting' is often expressed with phrases like デートに誘う (ask out on a date) or 付き合う (go out with).
I asked her out on a date.
裁判所 is only for law courts. コート is for sports courts (and also coats). Using the wrong one can cause confusion.
I played tennis at the courthouse. (unnatural unless literally at a courthouse)
その競技場は広い。
The sports ground is large.
The court ceremony was solemn.
平安時代の朝廷は京都にあった。
The imperial court of the Heian period was in Kyoto.
We had a barbecue in the yard.
彼は彼女に言い寄った。
He made advances to her.