Translation guide
The English word "trial" covers several distinct meanings: a legal court case, a test of something to see if it works, a difficult experience, and a preliminary attempt. Each meaning has different natural Japanese expressions.
A formal examination of evidence in a court of law to determine guilt or liability.
The general term for a trial or court proceeding. Can be used for both criminal and civil cases.
彼は殺人罪で裁判にかけられた。
He was put on trial for murder.
裁判は来月始まる。
The trial will begin next month.
Refers specifically to the court hearing or trial session in open court. More formal and technical than 裁判.
公判は非公開で行われた。
The trial was held behind closed doors.
Refers to the judicial process of hearing and examining a case. Often used in legal contexts.
審理は長期化している。
The trial has been prolonged.
A process of testing a product, system, or method to see if it works or is effective.
Broadly means test or trial. Used for clinical trials, product testing, and exams. Often combined with other words.
新薬の臨床試験が始まった。
Clinical trials of the new drug have begun.
この製品は厳しい試験に合格した。
This product passed rigorous trials.
Trial use, especially for a period to evaluate suitability. Common in software and services.
Specifically refers to clinical trials for medical treatments or drugs.
A challenging event or period that tests one's endurance or faith.
A trial or ordeal that tests a person's character, strength, or faith. Often used in spiritual or personal growth contexts.
彼は多くの試練を乗り越えてきた。
He has overcome many trials.
この経験は私にとって大きな試練だった。
This experience was a great trial for me.
Hardship or suffering. Emphasizes the painful aspect of a trial.
An initial try or experiment to see if something works, often before a full-scale implementation.
A try or attempt. Often used in the phrase 試しに (as a trial).
試しにこの方法を使ってみよう。
Let's give this method a trial.
Loanword from English. Often used for trial periods, trial versions, or sports tryouts.
Trial implementation or experiment. Often used in technical or business contexts.
裁判 is the general term for a trial. 公判 specifically refers to the court session open to the public. 審理 is the process of hearing the case, often used in legal documents.
裁判は公開で行われた。
The trial was held in public.
公判期日が指定された。
A trial date was set.
試験 is a broad term for test/trial. 試用 emphasizes trying something out for a period. 治験 is exclusively for clinical trials of medical treatments.
The loanword トライアル is not used for court trials. Use 裁判 or 公判 instead.
裁判が始まる。
The trial begins.
The trial period is 30 days.
They are recruiting volunteers for the clinical trial.
They went through many trials.
無料トライアルに申し込む。
Sign up for a free trial.
We started a trial of the new system.