Translation guide
The English verb "exceed" covers several related ideas: going beyond a limit, being greater than a number, and surpassing expectations. Japanese uses different words and patterns depending on what is being exceeded.
To surpass a set limit, such as a speed limit, budget, or time limit.
The most common and versatile verb for exceeding a limit or standard. Used for speed, weight, budget, expectations, etc.
If you exceed the speed limit, you'll be fined.
We went over budget.
A more formal, often written term for exceeding a limit, especially in official or technical contexts.
Luggage that exceeds the weight limit cannot be accepted.
Used when a number or amount is greater than another. Often used in news or reports.
This year's sales exceeded the target.
To be more than a specific number, value, or quantity.
To do better than expected or to be beyond someone's ability.
Commonly used for results that exceed expectations or forecasts.
His performance exceeded expectations.
Can be used for surpassing expectations, but often with a nuance of going beyond a known limit.
Means 'beyond one's control' or 'too much to handle'. Used when a situation exceeds one's ability to manage.
超える is the most general and can be used in casual and formal settings. 超過する is formal and often used for official limits (time, weight, budget). 上回る is used when comparing numbers or results, often in business or news contexts.
The English adverb 'exceedingly' (very) is not translated with 超える. Use 非常に (ひじょうに) or とても instead.
Do not exceed the recommended dosage.
The cost exceeded our estimate.
The temperature exceeded 35 degrees.
その映画は私の想像を超えていた。
That movie exceeded my imagination.
This problem exceeds my ability to handle.