Translation guide
Describes something that cannot be physically reached, obtained, or achieved. Japanese uses different expressions depending on whether the obstacle is physical distance, ability, price, or abstract inaccessibility.
Something is too far away or too high to touch or grab.
Literally 'hand doesn't reach'. The most common and natural way to say something is physically out of reach.
I can't reach the box on the top shelf.
Shorter version, often used when the object is clear from context.
The ball is too far away; I can't reach it.
Literally 'cannot extend hand'. Used when physically unable to stretch out, e.g., due to injury or obstacle.
I can't reach my hand out in this narrow gap.
Something is too expensive to buy.
A goal, dream, or opportunity is unattainable.
Same phrase as physical reach, but used metaphorically for goals or dreams.
I still can't reach the professional level.
Literally 'a dream within a dream'. Emphasizes something is far beyond reach, almost impossible.
Space travel is just a pipe dream.
Means 'cannot match' or 'fall short of'. Used in formal or written contexts.
I am nowhere near his level of ability.
Something is too difficult or complex to comprehend or deal with.
Literally 'cannot handle'. Means something is beyond one's control or ability to manage.
This problem is beyond me.
Formal phrase meaning 'beyond the scope of understanding'.
Literally 'teeth don't stand'. Means unable to compete or make any progress against something difficult.
手が届かない is used for physical reach and metaphorical goals. 手が出ない is specifically for financial inability. Do not use 手が出ない for physical reach.
I can't reach the high shelf.
I can't afford a luxury car.
Avoid directly translating 'out of reach' as 範囲外 (はんいがい) or 到達不能 (とうたつふのう). These sound technical and unnatural in everyday speech.
Literally 'flower on a high peak'. Describes something desirable but unattainable, often due to cost or status.
She is out of my league (like a flower on a high peak).
Loanword 'over budget'. Casual way to say something exceeds one's budget.
This trip is out of my budget.
That theory is beyond my understanding.
I can't make any headway with this math problem.