役
duty, war, campaign, drafted labor, office, service, role
Readings
On'yomi
- ヤク
- エキ
Kun'yomi
—
Nanori
- ちゃく
Meaning
役 centers on a person being assigned a task or function: a duty, role, or service. The war and campaign senses are specific historical applications of being drafted into military service.
Most common words using 役
24 of 309- 役やくN2
role; assignment; responsibility; duty; function; job; service
- 役割やくわりN3
part; assigning (allotment of) parts; role; duties
- 現役げんえきN1
active duty; active service
- 役立つやくだつN2
to be useful; to be helpful; to serve the purpose
- 取締役とりしまりやくN1
company director; board member
- 役員やくいんN1
director; executive
- 主役しゅやくN2
leading part; leading actor; leading actress
- 役に立つやくにたつN5
to be helpful; to be useful
- 役者やくしゃN2
actor; actress
- 役目やくめN2
duty; role; function
- 市役所しやくしょN5
municipal office; council; city hall
- 役所やくしょN2
government office; public office
- 役人やくにんN2
government official
- 懲役ちょうえきN1
penal servitude; imprisonment with hard labor (hard labour)
- 悪役あくやく
villain; baddie; the villain's part
- 役職やくしょくN1
post; official position
- 子役こやく
child actor; child actress
- 代役だいやく
substitute (actor); stand-in; fill-in; understudy; double
- 退役たいえき
retiring from military service
- 役場やくばN1
town hall
- 兵役へいえきN1
military service; conscription
- 重役じゅうやくN2
(company) director; executive; top management
- 服役ふくえき
penal servitude; serving time in prison
- 脇役わきやくN1
supporting role (actor); minor role
Study
Etymology
役 combines 彳 (movement, going) with 殳 (a hand holding a weapon or tool), suggesting a person sent out to perform a task or service. The modern form preserves this general idea of assigned action.
Meaning mnemonic
The left side 彳 suggests a person on the move, and the right side 殳 looks like a hand holding a tool. Picture someone being sent out with a tool to do their assigned duty or role.
Reading mnemonic
For ヤク, imagine a yak carrying a heavy load of duties: yak -> ヤク, and the yak is performing its service.