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Kotomora

独

single, alone, spontaneously, Germany

JLPTN2StatusJōyō · grade 5FrequencyTop 500Strokes9

Readings

On'yomi

  • ドク
  • トク

Kun'yomi

  • ひと.り

Nanori

  • どいつ
  • どっ

Meaning

独 centers on being the only one: single, alone, or acting on one's own. The meaning 'Germany' is a specific abbreviation derived from the idea of independence or self-reliance.

Most common words using 独

24 of 276
  • 独自どくじ
    N1

    original; unique; distinctive; characteristic; peculiar

  • 独立どくりつ
    N3

    independence; self-reliance; supporting oneself; being on one's own

  • 独特どくとく
    N2

    peculiarity; uniqueness; characteristic

  • 単独たんどく
    N1

    sole; single; solo

  • 孤独こどく
    N1

    solitude; loneliness; isolation

  • 独占どくせん
    N1

    monopoly; monopolization; exclusivity

  • 独身どくしん
    N4

    unmarried; single

  • 独どく

    Germany

  • 独裁どくさい
    N1

    dictatorship; despotism; autocracy

  • 独り言ひとりごと
    N2

    soliloquy; monologue; speaking to oneself

  • 独断どくだん
    N1

    one's own judgement (judgment); decision made without consulting others; arbitrary decision

  • 独創どくそう
    N1

    originality

  • 独学どくがく
    N1

    self-education; self-instruction; self-study

  • 独り占めひとりじめ
    N1

    hogging; having all to oneself; monopolising; monopolizing

  • 独走どくそう

    running alone; running solo

  • 独房どくぼう

    single-person cell; isolation cell; solitary cell; solitary confinement cell

  • 独奏どくそう

    (instrumental) solo; recital

  • 独唱どくしょう

    vocal solo

  • 独演どくえん

    solo; solo performance

  • 独りでにひとりでに
    N2

    by itself; automatically; naturally

  • 独禁法どっきんほう

    antitrust law; Antitrust Act

  • 独楽こま
    N1

    spinning top

  • 独立国どくりつこく

    independent state; independent nation

  • 西独せいどく

    West Germany (1949-1990)

Explore all words using 独 →

Study

Etymology

独 is the modern simplified form of 獨. The older form combines 犭 (dog) with 蜀, which likely contributed the sound and the idea of a lone animal. The modern form replaces 蜀 with 虫, but the original meaning of singleness remains.

Meaning mnemonic

A lone dog 犭 beside a bug 虫: picture a single dog staring intently at one bug, completely alone in its focus.

Reading mnemonic

For ドク, imagine a single dock extending into a quiet lake, alone and solitary: dock -> ドク, and the lone dock represents the kanji's core idea of singleness.