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Kotomora

都

metropolis, capital, all, everything

JLPTN4StatusJōyō · grade 3FrequencyTop 200Strokes11

Readings

On'yomi

  • ト
  • ツ

Kun'yomi

  • みやこ

Nanori

  • くに
  • ず
  • ち
  • づめ
  • みや

Meaning

都 centers on a large, important city: a metropolis or capital. The senses 'all' and 'everything' extend from the idea of a capital as the place where everything gathers.

Most common words using 都

24 of 350
  • 京都きょうと
    N5

    Kyoto (city, prefecture)

  • 都みやこ
    N3

    capital (esp. Kyoto, Japan's former capital); seat of government

  • 都市とし
    N3

    town; city; municipal; urban

  • 都合つごう
    N4

    circumstances; condition; convenience

  • 首都しゅと
    N3

    capital (city); metropolis

  • 都内とない
    N1

    within the (Tokyo) metropolitan area

  • 都会とかい
    N3

    city

  • 都道府県とどうふけん

    prefectures (of Japan); largest administrative divisions of Japan: Tokyo-to, Osaka-fu, Kyoto-fu, Hokkaido and the remaining prefectures

  • 都心としん
    N2

    city centre (esp. of Tokyo); heart of a city; downtown area

  • 大都市だいとし

    metropolis; large city

  • 都度つど

    each (every) time; whenever

  • 都民とみん

    resident of Tokyo; citizen of Tokyo; Tokyoite

  • 不都合ふつごう
    N1

    inconvenient; inexpedient; unfavourable; troublesome; difficult

  • 都営とえい
    N1

    (under) metropolitan government management

  • 都立とりつ
    N1

    metropolitan; managed by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government

  • 都庁とちょう
    N1

    Tokyo Metropolitan Government (Office)

  • 都議とぎ

    Metropolitan assemblyman

  • 古都こと

    ancient city; former capital

  • 好都合こうつごう
    N1

    convenient; favorable; favourable; expedient; expedience

  • 都政とせい

    metropolitan government (of Tokyo)

  • 州都しゅうと

    state capital; provincial capital; county town

  • 遷都せんと

    relocation of the capital; transfer of the capital

  • 東都とうと

    the Eastern Capital (now Tokyo); Yedo; Edo

  • 首都圏しゅとけん
    N1

    Greater Tokyo Metropolitan area

Explore all words using 都 →

Study

Etymology

都 combines 者 (which likely contributes the sound) with ⻏ (a variant of 邑, meaning a settlement or city). Together they express the idea of a capital or large city.

Meaning mnemonic

The left side 者 suggests a person or thing, and the right side ⻏ is a city wall. Picture a person arriving at the great walled capital where everything comes together.

Reading mnemonic

For ト, imagine a towering metropolis: the 'to' in 'tower' cues ト, and the capital's tall buildings dominate the skyline.