勉
exertion, endeavour, encourage, strive, make effort, diligent
Readings
On'yomi
- ベン
Kun'yomi
- つと.める
Nanori
- ひこ
- やつ
Meaning
勉 centers on sustained effort and pushing oneself: exertion, striving, and diligent endeavor. The sense of encouragement is a natural extension—urging someone to make that effort.
Most common words using 勉
20 of 37- 勉強べんきょうN5
study
- 勤勉きんべんN1
diligent; hard-working; industrious
- 勉学べんがくN1
study; pursuit of knowledge
- 勉強中べんきょうちゅうN4
while studying; presently studying
- くそ勉強くそべんきょう
studying like crazy; cramming like a madman
- にわか勉強にわかべんきょう
cramming
- のこ勉のこべん
staying behind after school to do private study
- ガリ勉がりべん
person who studies very hard (at school); grind; swot; drudge
- テスト勉強テストべんきょう
studying for a test
- テス勉テスべん
studying for a test
- ノー勉ノーべん
not studying (for a test, etc.); not having studied
- 不勉強ふべんきょう
idleness; lack of application; lazy study habits
- 二課勉強にかべんきょう
studying two lessons
- 刻苦勉励こっくべんれい
being arduous; working diligently enduring hardships
- 勉励べんれい
diligence
- 勉強になるべんきょうになる
to gain knowledge; to be illuminated
- 勉強に励むべんきょうにはげむ
to work hard at one's lessons
- 勉強不足べんきょうぶそく
insufficient study
- 勉強代べんきょうだい
cost of a lesson learned (e.g. from failing at something); price of a life lesson
- 勉強会べんきょうかい
study group; study meeting
Study
Etymology
勉 combines 免 (which here likely contributes the sound) with 力 (strength/effort), suggesting exerting strength or making an effort. The exact historical role of 免 is uncertain, but the phono-semantic structure is broadly accepted.
Meaning mnemonic
The top 免 looks like a person straining or escaping, and 力 underneath is strength. Picture someone using all their strength to push through a difficult task—that's exertion and diligence.
Reading mnemonic
For ベン, imagine a diligent student named Ben who always strives to do his best: Ben -> ベン, and his effort is like the 力 inside 勉.