免
excuse, dismissal
Readings
On'yomi
- メン
Kun'yomi
- まぬか.れる
- まぬが.れる
Nanori
- め
Meaning
免 centers on being released from something burdensome: excusing someone from a duty or dismissing them from a role. The idea is removal of an obligation or consequence.
Most common words using 免
20 of 167- 御免ごめんN2
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
- 御免なさいごめんなさいN3
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
- 免許めんきょN3
license; licence; permission; permit; certificate
- 免疫めんえき
immunity; immunization; immunisation
- 免れるまぬがれるN1
to escape (disaster, death, etc.); to be saved from; to be rescued from
- 免除めんじょN1
exemption; exoneration; discharge
- 免めん
dismissal; discharge
- 免責めんせき
exemption from responsibility
- 免税めんぜいN2
tax exemption; duty exemption
- 罷免ひめん
dismissal (from a position); discharge
- 免職めんしょく
dismissal; sacking; discharge
- 放免ほうめん
release (from custody); discharge; liberation; setting free; letting go; letting off; acquittal
- 免罪めんざい
acquittal
- 減免げんめん
reduction and exemption (e.g. taxes); mitigation and remission (e.g. in criminal law)
- 免ずるめんずる
to dismiss (from a position)
- 赦免しゃめん
pardon; remission; amnesty
- 免状めんじょう
licence; license; certificate; permit
- 仮免許かりめんきょ
temporary license; temporary licence; provisional license; provisional licence
- 免許皆伝めんきょかいでん
possessing full mastery of an art (e.g. Judo); initiation into the secrets (e.g. of an art); full mastership
- 無免許むめんきょN3
unlicensed; without a license (licence)
Study
Etymology
免 is thought to depict a person removing a heavy head covering or burden, giving the sense of escape or release. The modern form retains the idea of a person (儿) under a covering (⺈), but the exact historical development is uncertain.
Meaning mnemonic
The top ⺈ looks like a heavy hat or burden, and the bottom 儿 is a person. Picture someone lifting off a heavy load and walking away free: they are excused or dismissed.
Reading mnemonic
For メン, imagine a manager saying 'men, you are excused' and dismissing the team: men -> メン, and the burden is lifted.