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Kotomora

災

disaster, calamity, woe, curse, evil

JLPTN1StatusJōyō · grade 5FrequencyTop 1,000Strokes7

Readings

On'yomi

  • サイ

Kun'yomi

  • わざわ.い

Meaning

災 centers on destructive misfortune: a disaster or calamity that brings woe, often seen as a curse or evil event.

Most common words using 災

20 of 174
  • 災害さいがい
    N2

    calamity; disaster; misfortune

  • 被災ひさい
    N2

    suffering (from a disaster); being hit (by an earthquake, typhoon, etc.); falling victim (to)

  • 火災かさい
    N3

    conflagration; fire

  • 大震災だいしんさい

    great earthquake (disaster); highly destructive earthquake

  • 防災ぼうさい
    N1

    disaster preparedness; prevention of damage resulting from a natural disaster; protection against disaster

  • 震災しんさい

    earthquake disaster

  • 災いわざわい
    N1

    disaster; calamity; misfortune; trouble; woes

  • 労災ろうさい

    work-related injury; work-related illness; work-related death; on-the-job accident

  • 災難さいなん
    N2

    calamity; misfortune; disaster

  • 関東大震災かんとうだいしんさい

    Great Kanto earthquake (1923)

  • 天災てんさい
    N1

    natural disaster; natural calamity; act of God

  • 災厄さいやく

    calamity; disaster; accident

  • 人災じんさい

    man-made calamity

  • 戦災せんさい
    N1

    war damage

  • 息災そくさい

    good health

  • 火災報知器かさいほうちき

    fire alarm

  • 災禍さいか

    disaster; accident; calamity; catastrophe

  • 罹災りさい

    suffering (from a calamity); affliction

  • 火災保険かさいほけん

    fire insurance

  • 被災者ひさいしゃ
    N2

    person affected by a disaster; afflicted person; victim; sufferer; survivor

Explore all words using 災 →

Study

Etymology

災 combines 巛 (river) and 火 (fire), representing two major natural disasters: flood and fire. The character visually suggests calamity from water or fire.

Meaning mnemonic

A river 巛 flows above a fire 火, a scene of flood and flame—a perfect image of disaster.

Reading mnemonic

For サイ, imagine a disaster so great that people sigh in despair: sigh -> サイ, as flood and fire bring calamity.