災
disaster, calamity, woe, curse, evil
Readings
On'yomi
- サイ
Kun'yomi
- わざわ.い
Meaning
災 centers on destructive misfortune: a disaster or calamity that brings woe, often seen as a curse or evil event.
Most common words using 災
20 of 174- 災害さいがいN2
calamity; disaster; misfortune
- 被災ひさいN2
suffering (from a disaster); being hit (by an earthquake, typhoon, etc.); falling victim (to)
- 火災かさいN3
conflagration; fire
- 大震災だいしんさい
great earthquake (disaster); highly destructive earthquake
- 防災ぼうさいN1
disaster preparedness; prevention of damage resulting from a natural disaster; protection against disaster
- 震災しんさい
earthquake disaster
- 災いわざわいN1
disaster; calamity; misfortune; trouble; woes
- 労災ろうさい
work-related injury; work-related illness; work-related death; on-the-job accident
- 災難さいなんN2
calamity; misfortune; disaster
- 関東大震災かんとうだいしんさい
Great Kanto earthquake (1923)
- 天災てんさいN1
natural disaster; natural calamity; act of God
- 災厄さいやく
calamity; disaster; accident
- 人災じんさい
man-made calamity
- 戦災せんさいN1
war damage
- 息災そくさい
good health
- 火災報知器かさいほうちき
fire alarm
- 災禍さいか
disaster; accident; calamity; catastrophe
- 罹災りさい
suffering (from a calamity); affliction
- 火災保険かさいほけん
fire insurance
- 被災者ひさいしゃN2
person affected by a disaster; afflicted person; victim; sufferer; survivor
Study
Etymology
災 combines 巛 (river) and 火 (fire), representing two major natural disasters: flood and fire. The character visually suggests calamity from water or fire.
Meaning mnemonic
A river 巛 flows above a fire 火, a scene of flood and flame—a perfect image of disaster.
Reading mnemonic
For サイ, imagine a disaster so great that people sigh in despair: sigh -> サイ, as flood and fire bring calamity.