Refers to the person in charge or the leading role in a group, team, or organization. Relatively formal and often used in professional or official contexts.
He led the team as the head of the project.
Please proceed with the work according to the instructions of the person in charge.
Compound of 主 (しゅ, 'main' or 'head') and 班 (はん, 'group' or 'squad'). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the term is conventionally used to denote the leader of a group.