凹む · godan verb (-mu)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 凹む | 凹まない |
| Polite | 凹みます | 凹みません |
| Past polite | 凹みました | 凹みませんでした |
| Past | 凹んだ | 凹まなかった |
| Te-form | 凹んで | 凹まないで |
| Desire | 凹みたい | 凹みたくない |
| Potential | 凹める | 凹めない |
| Passive | 凹まれる | 凹まれない |
| Causative | 凹ませる | 凹ませない |
| Causative passive | 凹ませられるalso 凹まされる | 凹ませられないalso 凹まされない |
| Volitional | 凹もう | |
| Polite volitional | 凹みましょう | |
| Imperative | 凹め | 凹むな |
| Conditional | 凹めば | 凹まなければ |
| Tara conditional | 凹んだら | 凹まなかったら |
godan verb (-mu), intransitive verb
be dented; be indented; sink in; cave in
Intransitive physical use: a surface, structure, or part of something becomes pushed inward, lower, or collapsed. Use が for the thing that dents or caves in.
The car door is slightly dented.
The ground sank in because of the heavy rain.
godan verb (-mu), intransitive verb
be overwhelmed; be cowed; give in; give up
Figurative use for being beaten down or made to yield by pressure, force, or an opponent. It overlaps with the emotional sense, but focuses more on being overwhelmed or giving way.
I was overwhelmed by the other person's forcefulness and couldn't say anything back.
I won't give up just because I was turned down once.
godan verb (-mu), intransitive verb
feel down; be disheartened; feel depressed
Colloquial emotional use for feeling discouraged, deflated, or depressed after something unpleasant. The kana spelling へこむ and mixed spelling ヘコむ are common in this casual tone.
See also: ヘコむ
I felt really down after failing the interview.
I'm feeling hurt after a friend said something harsh to me.
godan verb (-mu), intransitive verb
suffer a loss; lose money; be down
Used for taking a monetary or numerical loss, often in casual contexts such as gambling, investment, or accounts. The amount lost may be marked with で or appear directly with the context.
I lost one hundred thousand yen on stocks.
I took quite a loss in yesterday's game.
The car door got dented.
I was so overwhelmed by his forcefulness that I couldn't argue back.
I'm feeling down because my boss scolded me.
I ended up down 30,000 yen this month.