tectonic activity
Geological term referring to the movement and deformation of the Earth's crust, including earthquakes, volcanic activity, and mountain building.
The Japanese archipelago is a region of active tectonic activity.
New mountain ranges are formed by tectonic activity.
地殻変動 specifically refers to crustal deformation, while 地質活動 is a broader term encompassing all geological processes driven by tectonics.
火山活動 refers specifically to volcanic activity, which is one type of 地質活動.
Compound of 地質 (geological features) and 活動 (activity). The term is a direct translation of the English 'tectonic activity' and is used primarily in scientific contexts.