Specifically a married woman, often used in formal or written contexts. Not a general term for 'woman'.
She is a good wife and also a good married woman.
A somewhat formal or literary term for a woman, often used in compounds like 婦人 (ふじん). Rarely used alone in modern conversation.
The women's clothing department is on the third floor.
婦人 is the common formal compound for 'lady/woman', whereas 婦 alone is rarely used outside of set compounds.
Standard kanji form. Often used in compounds and formal contexts.
The kanji 婦 is composed of 女 (woman) and 帚 (broom), originally suggesting a woman's domestic role. The reading ふ is the on'yomi.
midwife
widow; divorced woman not remarried; unmarried woman
women and children · woman; grown woman; wife
expectant and nursing mothers
monogamy
woman who has given birth; multipara
woman in childbirth; woman about to give birth; woman who has just given birth
woman; lady; adult female
mistress; kept woman; lover
housekeeper; maid
(female) nurse
deceased wife; deceased lady
previous wife; late wife
heroine; brave woman
coarse woman; country woman
title for high-ranking court ladies
enchantress; seductress; vamp; siren