noun
Refers to the bureaucratic system or organizational structure, often in government or large institutions.
官僚制の弊害が指摘されている。
The drawbacks of bureaucracy are being pointed out.
この国では官僚制が複雑すぎる。
In this country, the bureaucracy is too complicated.
官僚主義 emphasizes the ideology or excessive adherence to bureaucratic procedures, often with a negative connotation, whereas 官僚制 is a more neutral term for the system.
Compound of 官僚 (kanryō, 'bureaucrat') + 制 (-sei, 'system'). The term is a modern coinage reflecting Western concepts of bureaucratic organization.