noun
person of unsound mind; person lacking mental capacity
Legal term referring to a person who, due to mental disorder, lacks the capacity to understand or control their actions. Used in criminal and civil law contexts.
心神喪失者の行為は罰しない。
An act of a person of unsound mind is not punishable.
裁判所は彼を心神喪失者と認定した。
The court declared him a person lacking mental capacity.
心神耗弱者 refers to a person of diminished mental capacity, a lesser degree of impairment compared to 心神喪失者.
Compound of 心神 (mind, mental state) + 喪失 (loss, forfeiture) + 者 (person). A modern legal term.